Researchers: Haim Dayan¹, Yuval Bloch²

Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts public health. Optimal management integrates pharmacological and psychosocial interventions. This study addresses the gap in knowledge regarding the accessibility of ADHD treatment in the ultra-Orthodox Jewish community by evaluating the "Matzliachim" program. Developed collaboratively with the community, this program tested five intervention formats: parent lectures, with or without workshops (for parents/children), delivered in-person or via telemedicine.

Objectives: (1) To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the interventions. (2) To identify predictors of effectiveness: a. Lectures only versus lectures plus workshops. b. Telemedicine versus in-person delivery. c. Parent-focused versus combined parent-child interventions.

Method: Between 2018 and 2023, 524 parents of children aged 6-18 with ADHD symptoms (74% diagnosed) were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned based on the group available at registration. Parents completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires measuring ADHD symptoms (Vanderbilt) and parental efficacy (TOPSE). Data analysis included t-tests and ANOVA.

Findings: Four synchronous 12-week interventions (in-person/telemedicine) were feasible (81-85% attendance) and effective in reducing symptoms and improving parental efficacy. A shorter asynchronous 6-week intervention was less feasible (62% attendance) but improved parental efficacy. Workshops added to parent lectures enhanced efficacy, while no significant differences were observed between in-person and telemedicine delivery or parent-only versus parent-child interventions.

Conclusions: Culturally sensitive, synchronous interventions for parents of children with ADHD symptoms in the ultra-Orthodox community are feasible and effective in the short term.

Recommendations: Findings support parent-focused interventions delivered via telemedicine at reduced costs.

Research end date: 12/2024